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Environmental Compliance


 
Hazardous Waste / Solid Waste Management Act


 
In Hazardous Waste Rules, unless the context otherwise requires,-
  1. "Act" means the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986); or Hazardous Waste Management Act, 2003 as Amended;
  2. "Applicant" means a person or an organisation that applies, in Form 1, for granting of authorisation to perform specific activities connected with handling of hazardous wastes;
  3. "Auction" means bulk sale of wastes by invitation of tenders or auction, contract or negotiation by individual(s), companies or Government departments;
  4. "Auctioneer" means a person or an organisation that auctions wastes;
  5. "Authorisation" means permission for collection, reception, treatment, transport, storage and disposal of hazardous wastes granted by the competent authority in Form 2;
  6. "Authorised person" means a person or an organisation authorised by the competent authority to collect, treat, transport, store or dispose of hazardous wastes in accordance with the guidelines to be issued by the competent authority from time to time;
  7. "Central Pollution Control Board" means the Central Board constituted under sub-section (1) of section 3 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 (6 of 1974);
  8. "Disposal" means deposit, treatment, recycling and recovery of any hazardous wastes;
  9. "Export" with its grammatical variation and cognate expression means taking out of India to a place outside India;
  10. "Exporter" means any person under the jurisdiction of the expor.6ng country who exports hazardous wastes and the exporting country itself, who exports hazardous wastes;
  11. "Environmentally Sound Management of Hazardous Wastes" means taking all steps required ensuring that the hazardous wastes are managed in a manner, which will protect health and the environment against the adverse effects, which may result from such wastes;
  12. "Facility" means any location wherein the processes, incidental to the waste generation collection; reception, treatment, storage and disposal are carried out;
  13. "Form" means Form appended to these rules;
  14. "Hazardous Wastes" means any waste which by reason of any of its physical, chemical, reactive, toxic, flammable, explosive or corrosive characteristics causes danger or is likely to cause danger to health or environment, whether alone or when in contact with other wastes or substances, and shall include-
    1. Wastes listed in column (3) of Schedule-1;
    2. Wastes having constituents listed in Schedule-2 if their concentration is equal to or more than the limit indicated in the said Schedule; and
    3. Wastes listed in Lists 'A' and 'B' of Schedule-3 (Part-A) applicable only in case(s) of import or export of hazardous wastes in accordance with rules 12, 13 and 14 if they possess any of the hazardous characteristics listed in Part-B of Schedule 3".
    Explanation: For the purposes of this clause, -
    1. all wastes mentioned in column (3) of Schedule-1 are hazardous wastes irrespective of concentration limits given in Schedule-2 except as otherwise indicated and Schedule-2 shall be applicable only for wastes or waste constituents not covered under column (3) of Schedule-1;
    2. Schedule-3 shall be applicable only in case(s) of import or export;

  15. "Hazardous Wastes Site" means a place for collection, reception, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous wastes which has been duly approved by the competent authority;
  16. "Illegal Traffic" means any transboundary movement of hazardous wastes as specified in rule 15;
  17. "Import" with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, means bringing into India from a place outside India;
  18. "Importer" means an occupier or any person who imports hazardous wastes;
  19. "Manifest" means transporting document(s) prepared and signed by the occupier in accordance with rule 7;
  20. "Non-Ferrous Metal Wastes" means wastes listed in Schedule 4;
  21. "Occupier" means generator of waste and responsibility(Of the occupier for handling of wastes)
    1. The occupier generating hazardous wastes listed in column(2) of the Schedule in quantities equal to or exceeding the limits given in column(3) of the said Schedule, shall take all practical steps to ensure that such wastes are properly handled and disposed of without any adverse effects which may result from such wastes and the occupier shall also be responsible for proper collection, reception, treatment, storage and disposal of these wastes either himself or through the operator of a facility.
    2. The occupier or any other person acting on his behalf who intends to get his hazardous waste treated by the operator of a facility under sub-rule (1) shall give to the operator of a facility, such information as may be specified by the State Pollution Control Board.

  22. "Operator of a facility" means a person who owns or operates a facility for collection. reception, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous wastes;
  23. "Recycler" means an occupier who procures and processes wastes for recovery;
  24. "Recycling of Waste Oil" means reclamation by way of treatment to separate solids and water from waste oils using methods such as heating, filtering, gravity settling, centrifuging, dehydration, viscosity and specific gravity adjustment;
  25. "Registered Re-Refiner or Recycler" means a re-refiner or recycler registered for reprocessing wastes with the Ministry of Environment and Forests or the Central Pollution Control Board, as the case may be, for reprocessing wastes;
  26. "Re-Refining of Used Oil" means applying a process to the material composed of used oil so as to produce high quality base stock for further manufacture of lubricants or for other petroleum products by blending or any other process;
  27. "Schedule" means Schedule appended to these rules;
  28. "State Government" means a State Government and in relation to a Union territory, the Administrator thereof appointed under article 239 of the Constitution;
  29. "State Pollution Control Board" means the Board appointed under sub-section of the section 4 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974 (6 of 1974); and under Section 4 of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution3 Act, 1981 (14 of 1981);
  30. "Storage" means storing hazardous wastes for a temporary period, at the end of which the hazardous wastes is treated and disposed off;
  31. "Transboundary Movement" means any movement of hazardous wastes or other wastes from an area under the national jurisdiction of one country to or through an area under the national jurisdiction of another country or to or through an area not under the national jurisdiction of any country, provided at least two countries are involved in the movement;
  32. "Transport" means off-site movement of hazardous waste by air, rail, road or water;
  33. "Transporter" means a person engaged in the off-site transportation of hazardous waste by air, rail, road or water;
  34. "Treatment" means a method, technique or process, designed to change the physical, chemical or biological characteristics or composition of any hazardous waste so as to render such wastes harmless;
  35. "Used Oil" means any oil -
    1. Derived from crude oil or mixtures containing synthetic oil including used engine oil, gear oil, hydraulic oil, turbine oil, compressor oil, industrial gear oil, heat transfer oil, transformer oil, spent oil and their tank bottom sludges; and
    2. Suitable for re-refining if it meets the specifications laid down in Schedule 5, but does not include waste oil;
  36. "Waste Oil" means any oil -
    1. Which includes spills of crude oil, emulsions, tank bottom sludge and slop oil generated from petroleum refineries, installations or ships; and
    2. Is unsuitable for re-refining, but can be used as fuel in furnaces if it meets the specifications laid down in Schedule 6;

Licensed, Safe Pickup, Transport, Recycling of Used &/or Waste Oils


 

Toshi Group of Industries is authorized by UPSPCB and CPCB to lift, transport from all over the continent of India to treat and recycle used oils and waste oils at its facility in Sikandrabad Industrial Area, Sikandrabad Distt. Bulandshar, 203205, UP, India. 

Toshi Group of Industries has trained staff members, tankers, resources, technology and project management expertise to safely lift used oil in a very short duration.

  • Please note that used oil is defined as an immediate output of the oil from an engine or machinery, without any adulteration. Waste Oil is defined as combination of oils (lube oils) but must contain less than 1% waste water.

  • Toshi Group of Industries does not accept any other fluid or waste other than agreed upon while showing Toshi Group of Industries the sample during site inspection or as stated in writing during an offer by collection center (generator). Every single packing or drum must carry fluid similar in quality as the sample approved. Consistency of quality is essential in the process of a generator, especially no water should be allowed to be mixed in the oils.

  • It is illegal to adulterate used oil, waste oil or hazardous waste by generators. Adulteration violates the NOC by local state pollution board and makes it harder & sometimes impossible to recycle the oil.


Licensed pickup, transport of Hazardous Waste and Management


 

Toshi Group of Industries has deep expertise in the process, treatment and disposal of hazardous waste. We are licensed in the states of UP and setting up complete integrated facilities in several states in North India. Toshi Group of Industries complies with local, state and national environment laws and procedures while transporting, receiving, treating and disposing hazardous waste with specific reference to:

  • Environment Protection Act, 1986
  • Hazardous Waste Management & Handling Rules, 1989 and 2003 as Amended
  • Biomedical Waste management & Handling Rules, 1998
  • Municipal Solid Waste Management & Handling, 2000
 
Hazardous Waste Process is


  • Collect data on quality, quantity, location and composition of waste; existing disposal procedures.
  • Analyze the process of generation
  • Visible check of sample of waste
  • Toshi Group of Industries Lab analysis - Calorific Value, pH, Flash Point, Spectrography, Ignitability, Smell, Toxicity, Incineration
  • Outside Lab Analysis - Inorganic and Organics
  • Quotation / Proposal
  • Waste Reception
  • Testing
  • Treatment
  • Secured Landfill or Incineration
  • Ash Encapsulation
  • Zero Liquid Discharge Process
 

Electronic Waste Management


 

Electronic Waste (E-Waste) comprises of waste electronic goods, which are not fit for their original intended use. These range from household appliances such as refrigerator, air conditioner, cellular phone, personal stereos and consumer electronics to computers.

Is it Hazardous waste?

Yes. E-Waste contains several different substances and chemicals, many of which are toxic and are likely to create adverse impact on environment and health, if not handled properly. However, classification of e-waste as hazardous or otherwise shall depend upon the extent of presence of hazardous constituents in it.

Electronic & Electrical Goods not fit for intended use or discarded for any reasons. Example: Microwave Oven, Radio, TV, Refrigerator, PC, Mobile Phone, Stereo, Laptop, Modem, Cordless Phones etc.
E-Waste contains toxic/hazardous elements and require disposal through an licensed and approved environmentally sound technology establishment.
Existing HW Management Rules 1989 (Schedule 2, 3 entry# B1110) as amended published by MoEF apply to EWaste as well.
Basel Convention: A1010, A1020, A1030, A1160, A1170, A1180, A2010, B1110

 
E-Waste: It’s solution


  • Formulate Laws, Publish, Educate & Enforce (MoEF, CPCB, SPCB)
  • Repair and sell / donate back to users
  • Reuse: Recycle the components back to the industry safely
  • Recover: recover secondary elements (plastic, metals, glass etc) streams for reuse by the industry
 
 

3 R -
        Repair
        Recycle
        Reuse

If it can not be repaired then Segregate (Separate) the plastic, metal, components, wood.

Reuse the components or chassis or plastic to repair similar/identical products and resell as refurbished.

Recycle the component after testing
Recycle the plastic
Recycle the metal
Recycle the wood

Smelting of metals
Segregation of components by type and value
Disposal of plastic to plastic industry
Disposal of metals to metal industry
Reuse the components if possible, else crush the components and landfill.

 

Waste to Energy Generation


 
Municipal Waste


Municipal Solid Waste consists of everyday items such as product packaging, grass clippings, furniture, clothing, bottles, food scraps, newspapers, appliances, paint and batteries. It does not include medical, commercial and industrial hazardous or radioactive wastes, which must be treated separately.
Electricity can be produced by burning "municipal solid waste" (MSW) as a fuel. MSW power plants are designed to dispose of MSW and to produce electricity as a byproduct of the incinerator operation.

 
Vegetable Waste


With the use of an advanced high-solids digesters organic materials such as food waste and fibrous (cellulosic) waste such as those found in municipal trash, are converted into methane through decomposition and fermentation. The fermentation or digestion process creates methane gas and a compost product rich in organic material which can be sold to local farms.
Biogas generated has a methane content of 70%. This gas can be used either for thermal application or for power generation. Good quality organic manure is another by-product.

 

Sewage Waste


 
The sewage water is first filtered at source so that solid waste is separated and is used for biogas while the filtered water is used to run a turbine coupled with a generator to produce electrical energy and the water flowing out is partly issued for drip irrigation and partly for recharging the ground water.

The electricity thus generated can be used directly for supplying to and can be stored as well. The filtered water can also be purified by a solar-based system and used as portable water. Conventionally, sewage waste is used for direct charging of biogas plants. Filtration removes solid and concentrates the degradable material, which in turn increases gas production as well as methane content. The innovative idea can be installed in municipal drainage networks, urban canals, and sewage networks in huge factories. And in last solid waste also used as fertilizer.
 
Incinerable Waste


 

Incineration is becoming a popular method for disposing of municipal waste, and, as a result, has been applied extensively for handling a wide variety of wastes.

Most incinerators used to burn garbage are mixed waste incinerators, usually referred to as MWS incinerators. This means that garbage can be thrown into the burning unit without being sorted. In this section, you will be given a brief overview of the standard incinerator's operation.

The garbage is burnt in the furnace for approximately 45 minutes at a temperature of between 900 and 1100 degrees centigrade. The hot gases created by this burning process are sent through an energy recovery boiler just downstream of the furnace. The hot gases from the burning process surround the boiler pipes, which contain water. This makes the water boil, creating steam. The steam is then used for space heating or put through steam turbines to create electricity.

In addition to creating large volumes of gases, the incineration process creates ash. Two kinds of ash are formed during the incineration process. The first kind is called bottom ash. This is the ash that falls through the grates during the actual burning process. The second kind of ash is called fly ash. This is the ash that is created and captured during each stage when the gases are being treated to avoid releasing gases to the air. The fly ash usually makes up about 10% of the total ash created in an incinerator. Fly ash and bottom ash used in the manufacture of bricks and other construction activities.

A significant quantity of fly ash has been used in place of cement; doing so , almost 30 per cent of cement has been saved without compromising on the tile quality. In fact, tests show that tiles made with a mix of cement and fly ash are stronger than those made with cement alone, and can be used for heavy-duty floors as well.

 
Non Incinerable Waste


 
Non Incinerable Waste disposed into the secure landfill. A secure landfill is a carefully engineered depression in the ground (or built on top of the ground, resembling a football stadium) into which wastes are put. The aim is to avoid any hydraulic [water-related] connection between the wastes and the surrounding environment, particularly groundwater. Basically, a landfill is a bathtub in the ground; a double-lined landfill is one bathtub inside another. Bathtubs leak two ways: out the bottom or over the top.
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